Sysadmin accidentally deleted an Oracle database datafile on Linux server. There are a couple of ways to recover this database datafile, like restoring the deleted datafile from RMAN backup, etc.
In this special situation, sysadmin has just deleted the dbf file, and then realized it immediately. So we can try a different way to recover this datafile from OS file descriptor, which is still open in memory by Oracle database background process.
IDENTIFY which datafile has been wrongly deleted
... .. . ORA-63999: data file suffered media failure ORA-01116: error in opening database file 13 ORA-01110: data file 13: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CUMDB/CUMDBPDB1/hr.dbf' ORA-27041: unable to open file Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 ... . .
Do not offline the deleted file in database until recovering datafile, otherwise file descriptor ( FD) of the deleted file will be lost and unavailable for the rest steps.
Check which OS process still have File Descriptor open for the deleted file
[oracle@oemnode1 trace]$ lsof |grep hr.dbf
ora_dbw0_ 9885 oracle 272uW REG 252,0 104865792 235862719 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CUMDB/CUMDBPDB1/hr.dbf (deleted)
...
..
.
We can see the file descriptor is 272 by Oracle db writer background process 9885.
Recover datafile from file descriptor
[oracle@oemnode1 proc]$ cd /proc/9885/fd
[oracle@oemnode1 fd]$ ls -ltr 272
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 5 22:33 272 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CUMDB/CUMDBPDB1/hr.dbf (deleted)
[oracle@oemnode1 fd]$ cat 272 > /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CUMDB/CUMDBPDB1/hr.dbf
[oracle@oemnode1 fd]$ ls -ltr /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CUMDB/CUMDBPDB1/hr.dbf
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Aug 5 22:38 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CUMDB/CUMDBPDB1/hr.dbf
SQL> alter database datafile 13 offline;
Database altered.
SQL> recover datafile 13;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database datafile 13 online;
Database altered.
Check and confirm datafile is restored and Recovered successfully
[oracle@oemnode1 fd]$ lsof |grep hr.dbf
oracle_46 4606 oracle 269u REG 252,0 104865792 235862728 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CUMDB/CUMDBPDB1/hr.dbf
ora_dbw0_ 9885 oracle 272uW REG 252,0 104865792 235862728 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CUMDB/CUMDBPDB1/hr.dbf
SQL>select FILE_NAME, TABLESPACE_NAME, STATUS from dba_data_files where file_id=13
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
----------------------------------------------- ---------------- -------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CUMDB/CUMDBPDB1/hr.dbf HR AVAILABLE
Please note this method works only when database is still up running after the datafile accidentally being deleted.
Make DBA Life Easy 