Day: September 27, 2017

PARALLEL_MIN_SERVERS Parameter Behaviors

Set PARALLEL_MIN_SERVERS = 0 to reduce unnecessary parallel processes when instance up

By Default, when 12.2.0.1 instance starts up, there are more than necessary parallel processes created.

In this test case, there are 133 parallel processes created when instance starts up.

SQL>select * 
      from v$px_process_sysstat 
     where statistic like '%Server%'


STATISTIC                      VALUE      CON_ID
------------------------------ ---------- ----------
Servers In Use                    0          0
Servers Available               133          0
Servers Started                 133          0
Servers Shutdown                  0          0
Servers Highwater                10          0
Servers Cleaned Up                0          0
Server Sessions               12577          0

7 rows selected.

Look at the default parameter values related to parallel process:

SQL> show parameter parallel_

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ----------------
parallel_max_servers                 integer     352
parallel_min_servers                 integer     128
parallel_servers_target              integer     512
parallel_threads_per_cpu             integer       2
...
.

SQL> show parameter cpu

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- -------
cpu_count                            integer     32

According to Oracle Doc, the default value for :

PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS = PARALLEL_THREADS_PER_CPU * CPU_COUNT * concurrent_parallel_users * 5
PARALLEL_MIN_SERVERS = CPU_COUNT * PARALLEL_THREADS_PER_CPU * 2
PARALLEL_SERVERS_TARGET = PARALLEL_THREADS_PER_CPU * CPU_COUNT * concurrent_parallel_users * 2

If MEMORY_TARGET or SGA_TARGET parameter is set, then the number of concurrent_parallel_users = 4.
If neither MEMORY_TARGET or SGA_TARGET is set, then if a value is set for PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET, then concurrent_parallel_users = 2. If a value is not set for PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET, then concurrent_parallel_users = 1.

Let’s change PARALLEL_MIN_SERVERS to a lower than default value from 128 to 32. It does not work as specified. There are still 131 parallel processes started when instance bounced.

SQL> show parameter PARALLEL_MIN_SERVERS

NAME                                 TYPE         VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- -----------
parallel_min_servers                  integer     32

SQL> select * from v$px_process_sysstat where statistic like '%Server%';

STATISTIC                      VALUE CON_   ID
------------------------------ ---------- ----------
Servers In Use                    0           0
Servers Available               131           0
Servers Started                 131           0
Servers Shutdown                  0           0
Servers Highwater                 6           0
Servers Cleaned Up                0           0
Server Sessions                 183           0

7 rows selected.

Let’s change  PARALLEL_MIN_SERVERS to 0. it works perfectly because there are only 5 parallel processes started when instance bounced.

SQL> show parameter PARALLEL_MIN_SERVERS

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ----------
parallel_min_servers                  integer     0

SQL> select * from v$px_process_sysstat where statistic like '%Server%';

STATISTIC                       VALUE      CON_ID
------------------------------ ---------- ----------
Servers In Use                    0          0
Servers Available                 5          0
Servers Started                   5          0
Servers Shutdown                  0          0
Servers Highwater                 5          0
Servers Cleaned Up                0          0
Server Sessions                  32          0

7 rows selected.

So in order to reduce the number of parallel processes when instance starts up, make PARALLEL_MIN_SERVERS = 0, then the number of parallel processes will be down to smaller. Bouncing instance is not required in 12.2.0.1.

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Create a Container Database (CDB) With A Subset Of Options Using DBCA

Since 12.2.0.1, CDB and PDB can have different components. PDB can have a subset components of CDB.

For 12.1.0.2,  How to Create a Container Database (CDB) With Selected Options 

For 12.2.0.1, we don’t need create scripts from DBCA first, then manually modify scripts, and run the scripts sequentially to create a CDB/PDB database with required options in both CDB and PDB.

In 12.2.0.1, CDB and PDB can have different options installed. here are the steps to do so :

1)Launch DBCA -> Create a Database -> Advanced Configuration -> Custom Database -> ……->……-> Database Options:

Choose options for CDB and PDB respectively
DBCA: Choose options for CDB and PDB respectively

we can select all components for CDB$ROOT, and subset of options for PDB according to your licence bought from Oracle.

Please note below three components have been disabled as per Oracle Doc ID 948061.1.

Oracle Advanced Analytics
Oracle OLAP
Oracle Real Application Testing

2) Continue the rest steps, and create the database.

3) Check the options installed in both CDB and CDB.

a) in CDB$ROOT:

SQL> show con_name

CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT

SQL> select COMP_NAME,STATUS from dba_registry order by 1;

COMP_NAME                                    STATUS
-------------------------------------------- -----------------
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine                  VALID
Oracle Application Express                    VALID
Oracle Database Catalog Views                 VALID
Oracle Database Java Packages                 VALID
Oracle Database Packages and Types            VALID
Oracle Database Vault                         VALID
Oracle Label Security                         VALID
Oracle Multimedia                             VALID
Oracle Real Application Clusters              VALID
Oracle Text                                   VALID
Oracle Workspace Manager                      VALID
Oracle XDK                                    VALID
Oracle XML Database                           VALID
Spatial                                       VALID

14 rows selected.

b) In PDB:

SQL> show con_name

CON_NAME
---------------
RACTESTPDB

SQL> select COMP_NAME,STATUS from dba_registry;

COMP_NAME                           STATUS
----------------------------------- ----------
Oracle Database Catalog Views       VALID
Oracle Database Packages and Types  VALID
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine        VALID
Oracle XDK                          VALID
Oracle Database Java Packages       VALID
Oracle Real Application Clusters    VALID
Oracle XML Database                 VALID
Oracle Workspace Manager            VALID
Oracle Text                         VALID
Oracle Multimedia                   VALID

10 rows selected.